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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | |
| Other names N,N-Dimethylglycine | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| 3DMet | |
| 1700261 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.971 |
| EC Number |
|
| 82215 | |
| KEGG |
|
| MeSH | dimethylglycine |
| RTECS number | |
CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C4H9NO2 | |
| Molar mass | 103.121 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White crystals |
| Odor | Odourless |
| Density | 1.069 g/mL |
| Melting point | 178 to 182 °C (352 to 360 °F; 451 to 455 K) |
| Boiling point | 175.2 °C (347.4 °F; 448.3 K) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms | |
| GHS Signal word | Warning |
| H302 | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| >650 mg kg−1(oral, rat) | |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanoic acids | |
| Dimethylacetamide | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| verify (what is ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of the amino acidglycine with the structural formula (CH3)2NCH2COOH. It can be found in beans and liver. It can be formed from trimethylglycine upon the loss of one of its methyl groups. It is also a byproduct of the metabolism of choline.
Read user ratings and reviews for DIMETHYLGLYCINE DMG on WebMD including side effects and interactions, treatment effectiveness, ease of use, safety and satisfaction.
Dmg to iso with terminal os x. Aug 23, 2009 When Terminal completes process, you’ll find a file with.iso.cdr extension, as here is trickyways.iso.cdr besides the trickyways.dmg. Click on trickyways.iso.cdr file & press enter to rename it. Delete.cdr extension. When you’ll try to delete.cdr the following Window will pop up, click on Use.iso option. Now the extension of file is trickyways.iso. Double click the DMG so it mounts. Open Disk Utility (Utilities Disk Utility). Right click the DMG Mount and select the “Convert” option. Disk Utility – Right click mounted GMD image and choose Convert. In the dialog that now opens, set the “Image Format” to “DVD/CD master” and click “Save“. Jul 15, 2019 DMG file is Apple disc image which is used for Mac OS. It comes with.dmg extension. DMG stands for Disc Image File. It has UDIF(Universal Disc Image Format) for Mac OS X with.dmg extension. It is capable for the compressed, encrypted data, file spanning amd some of which are password protected. Jan 19, 2009 These are instructions on how to convert a DMG image file to an ISO image file using Mac OS X Terminal. You may want to do this if you need to burn a DMG image using a Windows or Linux operating system. Place the DMG you would like to convert on your desktop then open a new Finder window by clicking its.
When DMG was first discovered, it was referred to as Vitamin B16, but, unlike true B vitamins, deficiency of DMG in the diet does not lead to any ill-effects and it is synthesized by the human body in the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle meaning it does not meet the definition of a vitamin.
Uses[edit]
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Dimethylglycine has been suggested for use as an athletic performance enhancer, immunostimulant, and a treatment for autism, epilepsy, or mitochondrial disease.[2] There is no evidence that dimethylglycine is effective for treating mitochondrial disease.[3] Published studies on the subject have shown little to no difference between DMG treatment and placebo in autism spectrum disorders.[4][5]
Biological activity[edit]
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Dimethylglycine has been found to act as an agonist of the glycine site of the NMDA receptor.[6]
Preparation[edit]
This compound is commercially available as the free form amino acid, and as the hydrochloride salt [2491-06-7 ]. DMG may be prepared by the alkylation of glycine via the Eschweiler–Clarke reaction. In this reaction, glycine is treated with aqueous formaldehyde in formic acid that serves as both solvent and reductant. Hydrochloric acid is added thereafter to give the hydrochloride salt. The free amino acid may have been obtained by neutralization of the acid salt, which has been performed with silver oxide.[7]
- H2NCH2COOH + 2 CH2O + 2 HCOOH → (CH3)2NCH2COOH + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O
References[edit]
- ^'dimethylglycine - Compound Summary'. PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^'Dimethylglycine'. About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products. Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center. December 8, 2009.
- ^Pfeffer, Gerald; Majamaa, Kari; Turnbull, Douglass M.; Thorburn, David; Chinnery, Patrick F. (2012-04-18). 'Treatment for mitochondrial disorders'. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4): CD004426. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004426.pub3. ISSN1469-493X. PMID22513923.
- ^Bolman WM, Richmond JA (June 1999). 'A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot trial of low-dose dimethylglycine in patients with autistic disorder'. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 29 (3): 191–4. doi:10.1023/A:1023023820671. PMID10425581.
- ^Kern JK, Miller VS, Cauller PL, Kendall PR, Mehta PJ, Dodd M (March 2001). 'Effectiveness of N,N-dimethylglycine in autism and pervasive developmental disorder'. Journal of Child Neurology. 16 (3): 169–73. doi:10.1177/088307380101600303. PMID11305684.
- ^Lin, Jen-Cheng; Chan, Ming-Huan; Lee, Mei-Yi; Chen, Yi-Chyan; Chen, Hwei-Hsien (2016). 'N,N-dimethylglycine differentially modulates psychotomimetic and antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in mice'. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 71: 7–13. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.06.002. ISSN0278-5846. PMID27296677.
- ^Clarke, H. T.; Gillespie, H. B.; Weisshaus, S. Z. (1933). 'The Action of Formaldehyde on Amines and Amino Acids'. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 55 (11): 4571. doi:10.1021/ja01338a041.
Dimethylglycine, also known as DMG, is a natural substance found in both plant and animal cells, and is derived from the amino acid glycine (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary para 1). As a supplement, it is purported to offer a number of health benefits, from enhancing physical performance to improving behavior in children with autism and attention deficit disorder. However, the evidence to support these claims is lacking, according to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (see reference 1 under Mechanism of Action).
How DMG Works
The body produces DMG in the cells by breaking down choline (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). In the body, it acts as an antioxidant and improves oxygenation of the cells (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). The thought is that taking DMG as a supplement may further enhance oxygenation, which improves athletic performance (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). It is also thought to act as a neurological stimulator, which is why it has gained popularity in the autism community (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). According to an October 2009 review article on the use of complementary medicine in autism published in 'Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics,' the two clinical trials testing the use of DMG on children with autism showed no positive effect or improvement in behavior (see reference 2 under DMG).
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Safety Concerns
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DMG is considered a safe and non-toxic substance, according to MSKCC (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). If you're supplementing your diet with DMG, be sure to inform your doctor to monitor for any potential side effects or interactions. Additionally, while it's safe to take DMG, do not rely on it as a cure or treatment for any illness.